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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 251: R591-R597, 1986;
0363-6119/86 $5.00
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AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol 251, Issue 3 591-R597, Copyright © 1986 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Enhancement of slow-wave sleep by endotoxin and lipid A

J. M. Krueger, S. Kubillus, S. Shoham and D. Davenne

Some muramyl peptides derived from bacterial peptidoglycan enhance slow-wave sleep (SWS). The purpose of this study was to test whether another cell wall component, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and its lipid A moiety also have an effect on sleep. When injected intravenously, both LPS and lipid A enhanced the duration of SWS, increased electroencephalogram delta-wave amplitudes, suppressed rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and induced biphasic fevers. The effects of intravenously administered lipid A and LPS on SWS were present primarily during the first 3 h postinjection. Intraventricular lipid A administration enhanced SWS, did not suppress REM, and induced a monophasic fever; the SWS effect had a 3-h latency, whereas temperature started to rise during the second hour. Regardless of the route of administration, within the dose range used here, sleep was normal by the following criteria: sleep was episodic, animals could be easily aroused, and brain temperature, although elevated to "febrile" levels, continued to fluctuate during sleep-state transitions indistinguishably from control conditions. We conclude that LPS and lipid A are capable of modulating sleep.


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