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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 251: R1186-R1192, 1986;
0363-6119/86 $5.00
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AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol 251, Issue 6 1186-R1192, Copyright © 1986 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Increased permeability of a glial blood-brain barrier during acute hyperosmotic stress

K. Mackie, M. DePasquale and H. F. Cserr

Brain volume is regulated during acute hypernatremia in the little skate, Raja erinacea, based on the gain of osmolytes, including sodium, chloride, and potassium [Cserr et al., Am. J. Physiol. 245 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 14): R853-R859, 1983]. In this study we show that this volume regulatory response is complete in 35 min and examine the mechanism of sodium influx across the blood-brain barrier over this period. Skates have a glial blood-brain barrier. Blood-to-brain transfer constants (K1) for 22Na and [14C]mannitol were measured using the integral technique of [Ohno et al.Am. J. Physiol. 235 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 4): H299-H307, 1978]. In skates injected intramuscularly with isotonic saline (controls) or with hypertonic NaCl or fructose, K1 for sodium increased linearly with osmolality. This increase was the same for hypernatremia and fructose-induced hypertonicity, and it was not affected by the "loop" diuretic bumetanide. K1 for mannitol also increased with osmolality. These results suggest that hypertonicity increases barrier permeability by a nonselective mechanism. The contribution of influx across the blood-brain barrier to tissue sodium gain during acute hypernatremia is assessed using a diffusional model of plasma-brain exchange.


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B. S. Stonestreet, G. B. Sadowska, J. Leeman, R. C. Hanumara, K. H. Petersson, and C. S. Patlak
Effects of acute hyperosmolality on blood-brain barrier function in ovine fetuses and lambs
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2006; 291(4): R1031 - R1039.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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