AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol 254, Issue 1 47-R55, Copyright © 1988 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Refeeding hypertension in dietary obesity

P. Ernsberger and D. O. Nelson
Neuroscience Program, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611.

A novel model of nutritionally induced hypertension in the rat is described. Dietary obesity was produced by providing sweet milk in addition to regular chow, which elicited a 52% increase in caloric intake. Despite 54% greater body weight gain and 139% heavier retroperitoneal fat pads, 120 days of overfeeding failed to increase systolic pressure in the conscious state (125 +/- 8 vs. 121 +/- 4 mmHg in chow-fed controls) or mean arterial pressure under urethan anesthesia (71 +/- 4 vs. 63 +/- 3 mmHg). In contrast, mild hypertension developed in intermittantly fasted obese animals (a 21-mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure measured in the conscious state and a 16-mmHg increase in mean arterial pressure under anesthesia relative to chow-fed controls). The first 4-day supplemented fast was initiated 4 wk after the introduction of sweet milk, when the animals were 47 g overweight relative to chow-fed controls. Thereafter, 4 days of starvation were alternated with 2 wk of refeeding for a total of 4 cycles. A rapid fall in systolic blood pressure (12 +/- 2 mmHg at 2 days) accompanied the onset of supplemented fasting and was maintained thereafter (2.7 +/- 2.6 mmHg further decrease during the latter half of the fast). With refeeding, blood pressure rose precipitously (13 +/- 3 mmHg in the 1st 2 days), despite poststarvation anorexia. Blood pressure tended to rise slightly over the remainder of the realimentation period (5.2 +/- 2.8 mmHg). After the 4th supplemented fast, hypertension was sustained during 30 days of refeeding. Cumulative caloric intake in starved-refed rats fell within 2% of that in chow-fed controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L. A. Eckel and S. R. Moore Diet-induced hyperphagia in the rat is influenced by sex and exercise Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, November 1, 2004; 287(5): R1080 - R1085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Dunlap, S. Bibevski, T. L. Rosenberry, and P. Ernsberger Mechanisms of altered vagal control in heart failure: influence of muscarinic receptors and acetylcholinesterase activity Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2003; 285(4): H1632 - H1640. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-M. Sea, W. P. Fong, Y. Huang, and Z.-Y. Chen Weight cycling-induced alteration in fatty acid metabolism Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2000; 279(3): R1145 - R1155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Engeli, R. Negrel, and A. M. Sharma Physiology and Pathophysiology of the Adipose Tissue Renin-Angiotensin System Hypertension, June 1, 2000; 35(6): 1270 - 1277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. F. Carroll, A. E. Jones, R. L. Hester, G. A. Reinhart, K. Cockrell, and H. L. Mizelle Reduced Cardiac Contractile Responsiveness to Isoproterenol in Obese Rabbits Hypertension, December 1, 1997; 30(6): 1376 - 1381. [Abstract] [Full Text]