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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 257: R306-R310, 1989;
0363-6119/89 $5.00
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AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol 257, Issue 2 306-R310, Copyright © 1989 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Thermoregulatory control of expired air temperature in diving harp seals

L. P. Folkow and A. S. Blix
Department of Arctic Biology, University of Tromso, Norway.

Expired air temperature (Tex), metabolic rate (MR), and skin (Ts) and body (Tb; rectal) temperatures were recorded in four or five young (1-2 yr) harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) in air [mean air temperature (Ta) = -30, -10, or 10 degrees C] and in water [mean water temperature (Tw) = 2.3 or 24.8 degrees C, with Ta = -30, -10, 0, or 10 degrees C]. Apparent lower critical temperature was below -10 degrees C in air. Above this Ta, mean MR was 5.85 W.kg-0.75 (2.23 W.kg-1), while mean MR was 12.56 W.kg-0.75 (4.69 W.kg-1) at Ta -30 degrees C. When seals were immersed in water of 2.3 degrees C, mean MR was 6.13 W.kg-0.75 (2.31 W.kg-1), regardless of Ta.At Ta -30, -10, and 10 degrees C, mean Tex in air were 9.5, 13.0, and 25.0 degrees C, respectively. The corresponding values for seals in water (Tw = 2.3 degrees C) were 8.0, 9.5, and 15.5 degrees C, respectively. The low Tex recorded at Ta -30 and -10 degrees C in air and at all Ta in water (Tw = 2.3 degrees C) suggests that heat was conserved by nasal heat exchange. At Ta 10 degrees C, mean Tex of seals in air was approximately 10 degrees C higher than mean Tex of seals in water (Tw = 2.3 degrees C). Furthermore, seals subjected to a Tw of 24.8 degrees C at Ta 0 degrees C had a mean Tex 10 degrees C higher than when subjected to Tw 2.3 degrees C at the same Ta. These observations suggest that Tex in seals is under thermoregulatory control. In a series of forced dives of up to 5-min duration Tex was found to be the same before and after the dive regardless of dive duration and Ta.


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P. H. Kvadsheim, L. P. Folkow, and A. S. Blix
Inhibition of shivering in hypothermic seals during diving
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2005; 289(2): R326 - R331.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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