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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 259: R411-R419, 1990;
0363-6119/90 $5.00
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AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol 259, Issue 3 411-R419, Copyright © 1990 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Calcium deprivation increases salt intake

M. G. Tordoff, P. M. Ulrich and J. Schulkin
Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.

Relative to rats fed chow or semisynthetic control diet, rats fed Ca2(+)-deficient diet increased daily "spontaneous" intake of 0.3 M NaCl solution by as much as eightfold. Intake of 0.3 M NaCl increased in monotonic relationship to the severity of Ca2+ deficiency, which was manipulated by both duration of depletion (0-32 days) and dietary Ca2+ content (0-50 mmol/kg Ca2+). The increased intake was specific to either Na+ or saltiness; relative to controls, Ca2(+)-deprived rats drank more of a wide range of NaCl solutions (0.05-0.50 M) but the same volume of 0.37 mM sucrose octaacetate (bitter), slightly more 2.5 mM citrate (sour), and significantly less 2.5 mM saccharin (sweet). Although urine volume of Ca2(+)-deprived rats was increased, total Na+ excretion was slightly decreased. Adrenal weights, hematocrit, and plasma concentrations of Na+, aldosterone, and angiotensin I were all normal. These results reveal that Ca2+ deficiency increases NaCl intake and thus challenge the notion that salt appetite is a specific response to perturbed Na+ homeostasis.


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