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AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol 261, Issue 2 458-R465, Copyright © 1991 by American Physiological Society
ARTICLES |
W. J. Pearce, A. D. Hull, D. M. Long and L. D. Longo
Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, California 92350.
We have examined age-related changes in segments of common carotid (Com), basilar (Bas), posterior communicating (PC), and middle cerebral (MC) arteries taken from 14 near-term fetal lambs, 62 newborn lambs 3-7 days old, and 42 adult nonpregnant sheep. Transition from fetal to newborn life was associated with a decreased water content in all arteries ranging from 0.6% (Com) to 2.3% (Bas), no change in the relative content of cellular protein, an increase in wall thickness ranging from 4% (MC) to 26% (Com), an increase in maximum contractile tension ranging from 18% (MC) to 82% (Com), an increase in stiffness, an increase in the maximum active stress ranging from 6% (Bas) to 43% (Com), a decrease in the amine-to-potassium ratio (calculated as the maximum response to 10 microM serotonin with 20 microM histamine divided by the maximum response to 122 mM K+) ranging from 8% (Bas) to 51% (Com), and a decrease in the norepinephrine-to-potassium ratio ranging from 2.1% (Bas) to 56% (Com). Thus developmental changes associated with the transition from fetal to newborn life were much more pronounced in the larger, more proximal Com than in the smaller, more distal cerebral arteries, suggesting that, at term, the cerebral arteries are more mature both functionally and structurally than the Com arteries. Similarly, the transition from newborn to adult life was associated with much greater changes in Com characteristics than with those of the cerebral arteries. These studies demonstrate that the effects of aging vary considerably along the cerebrovascular tree and that conclusions based on developmental studies of large systemic arteries cannot be freely extrapolated to the smaller arteries of the circle of Willis.
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M. T. Lin, D. A. Hessinger, W. J. Pearce, and L. D. Longo Modulation of BK channel calcium affinity by differential phosphorylation in developing ovine basilar artery myocytes Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2006; 291(2): H732 - H740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J. M. Williams, C. R. White, M. M. Chang, E. R. Injeti, L. Zhang, and W. J. Pearce Chronic hypoxic decreases in soluble guanylate cyclase protein and enzyme activity are age dependent in fetal and adult ovine carotid arteries J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2006; 100(6): 1857 - 1866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. M. Williams and W. J. Pearce Age-dependent modulation of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation by chronic hypoxia in ovine cranial arteries J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2006; 100(1): 225 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. R. White, M. W. Hamade, K. Siami, M. M. Chang, A. Mangalwadi, J. A. Frangos, and W. J. Pearce Maturation enhances fluid shear-induced activation of eNOS in perfused ovine carotid arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2005; 289(5): H2220 - H2227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. M. Nauli, J. M. Williams, W. T. Gerthoffer, and W. J. Pearce Chronic hypoxia modulates relations among calcium, myosin light chain phosphorylation, and force differently in fetal and adult ovine basilar arteries J Appl Physiol, July 1, 2005; 99(1): 120 - 127. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Zhao, L. Zhang, and L. D. Longo PKC-induced ERK1/2 interactions and downstream effectors in ovine cerebral arteries Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2005; 289(1): R164 - R171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. T. Lin, L. D. Longo, W. J. Pearce, and D. A. Hessinger Ca2+-activated K+ channel-associated phosphatase and kinase activities during development Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2005; 289(1): H414 - H425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. M. Williams, A. D. Hull, and W. J. Pearce Maturational modulation of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in ovine cerebral arteries Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): R149 - R157. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. T. Lin, D. A. Hessinger, W. J. Pearce, and L. D. Longo Developmental differences in Ca2+-activated K+ channel activity in ovine basilar artery Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 11, 2003; 285(2): H701 - H709. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. G. Geary, J. N. Buchholz, and W. J. Pearce Maturation depresses mouse cerebrovascular tone through endothelium-dependent mechanisms Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 2003; 284(3): R734 - R741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. M. Bishai, L. Penninga, R. Nijland, R. Meulenaar, C. P. Gheorghe, Y. Zhao, J. N. Buchholz, L. Zhang, and L. D. Longo Pre- and postjunctional alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in fetal and adult ovine cerebral arteries Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 2002; 282(6): R1654 - R1662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. Long, L. Zhang, and L. D. Longo Fetal and adult cerebral artery KATP and KCa channel responses to long-term hypoxia J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2002; 92(4): 1692 - 1701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Zhang and C. W. Leffler Compensatory role of NO in cerebral circulation of piglets chronically treated with indomethacin Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 2002; 282(2): R400 - R410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. B. Blood, Y. Zhao, W. Long, L. Zhang, and L. D. Longo L-type Ca2+ channels in fetal and adult ovine cerebral arteries Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2002; 282(1): R131 - R138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. M. Nauli, J. M. Williams, S. E. Akopov, L. Zhang, and W. J. Pearce Developmental changes in ryanodine- and IP3-sensitive Ca2+ pools in ovine basilar artery Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, December 1, 2001; 281(6): C1785 - C1796. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. M. Nauli, L. Zhang, and W. J. Pearce Maturation depresses cGMP-mediated decreases in [Ca2+]i and Ca2+ sensitivity in ovine cranial arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2001; 280(3): H1019 - H1028. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. M. Angeles, J. Williams, R. E. Purdy, L. Zhang, and W. J. Pearce Effects of maturation and acute hypoxia on receptor-IP3 coupling in ovine common carotid arteries Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 2001; 280(2): R410 - R417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. C. Docherty, J. Kalmar-Nagy, M. Engelen, and P. W. Nathanielsz Development of fetal vascular responses to endothelin-1 and acetylcholine in the sheep Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 2001; 280(2): R554 - R562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. Long, L. Zhang, and L. D. Longo Cerebral artery KATP- and KCa-channel activity and contractility: changes with development Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 2000; 279(6): R2004 - R2014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. D. Longo, Y. Zhao, W. Long, C. Miguel, R. S. Windemuth, A.-M. Cantwell, A. T. Nanyonga, T. Saito, and L. Zhang Dual role of PKC in modulating pharmacomechanical coupling in fetal and adult cerebral arteries Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2000; 279(4): R1419 - R1429. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. Long, L. Zhang, and L. D. Longo Cerebral artery sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores and contractility: changes with development Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2000; 279(3): R860 - R873. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. M. Angeles, J. Williams, L. Zhang, and W. J. Pearce Acute hypoxia modulates 5-HT receptor density and agonist affinity in fetal and adult ovine carotid arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2000; 279(2): H502 - H510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. J. Pearce, S. P. Duckles, and J. Buchholz Effects of maturation on adrenergic neurotransmission in ovine cerebral arteries Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 1999; 277(4): R931 - R937. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. M. Wells, B. L. Langille, J. M. Lee, and S. L. Adamson Determinants of mechanical properties in the developing ovine thoracic aorta Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 1999; 277(4): H1385 - H1391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. Long, Y. Zhao, L. Zhang, and L. D. Longo Role of Ca2+ channels in NE-induced increase in [Ca2+]i and tension in fetal and adult cerebral arteries Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 1999; 277(1): R286 - R294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. P. Willis and C. W. Leffler NO and prostanoids: age dependence of hypercapniaand histamine-induced dilations of pig pial arterioles Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 1999; 277(1): H299 - H307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Q. Wang, J. Bryowsky, R. D. Minshall, and D. A. Pelligrino Possible obligatory functions of cyclic nucleotides in hypercapnia-induced cerebral vasodilation in adult rats Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 1999; 276(2): H480 - H487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Q. Teng, J. Williams, L. Zhang, R. Purdy, and W. J. Pearce Effects of maturation, artery size, and chronic hypoxia on 5-HT receptor type in ovine cranial arteries Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 1998; 275(3): R742 - R753. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. E. Akopov, L. Zhang, and W. J. Pearce Regulation of Ca2+ sensitization by PKC and rho proteins in ovine cerebral arteries: effects of artery size and age Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 1998; 275(3): H930 - H939. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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