AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol 264, Issue 5 1024-R1030, Copyright © 1993 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Arterial pulse pressure and vasopressin release in humans during lower body negative pressure

P. Norsk, P. Ellegaard, R. Videbaek, C. Stadeager, F. Jessen, L. B. Johansen, M. S. Kristensen, M. Kamegai, J. Warberg and N. J. Christensen
Danish Aerospace Medical Centre of Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen.

The hypothesis was tested that narrowing of arterial pulse pressure (PP) is a determinant of arginine vasopressin (AVP) release in humans. Six normal males completed a two-step lower body negative pressure (LBNP) protocol of -20 and -50 mmHg, respectively, for 10 min each. None of these subjects experienced presyncopal symptoms. Arterial plasma AVP and plasma renin activity (PRA) (at 2-min intervals) only increased subsequent to a decrease in PP (invasive brachial arterial measurements) and stroke volume (ultrasound Doppler technique, n = 4). Simultaneously, mean arterial pressure did not change. A selective decrease in central venous pressure and left atrial diameter (echocardiography, n = 4) at LBNP of -20 mmHg did not affect AVP or PRA, whereas arterial plasma norepinephrine increased (n = 4). During LBNP, significant (P < 0.05) intraindividual linear correlations were observed between log(AVP) and PP in four of the subjects with r values from -0.75 to -0.99 and between log(PRA) and PP in all six subjects with r values from -0.89 to -0.98. In conclusion, these results are in compliance with the hypothesis that narrowing of PP in humans during central hypovolemia is a determinant of AVP and renin release.

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