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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 270: R541-R549, 1996;
0363-6119/96 $5.00
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AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol 270, Issue 3 541-R549, Copyright © 1996 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Autonomic control of blood pressure and heart rate in obese hypertensive dogs

A. A. Truett, A. T. Borne, M. A. Poincot and D. B. West
Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Section, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70808, USA.

Autonomic control of cardiovascular function was evaluated in nine dogs before and after a high-fat overfeeding regimen. Body weight increased significantly (from 19.8 +/- 0.9 to 29.5 +/- 2.1 kg; P < 0.01) with overfeeding. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased from 94.6 +/- 2.1 to 105.5 +/- 3.7 mmHg (P < 0.05), and heart rate (HR) increased from 94.8 +/- 3.5 to 112.3 +/- 5.6 beats/min (P < 0.01). After ganglionic blockade with chlorisondamine, dose response of MAP and HR to methoxamine (alpha-agonist) or isoproterenol (beta-agonist) was evaluated. Peak MAP response to methoxamine was blunted in obese dogs. HR response to isoproterenol was not different between lean and obese dogs. Atropine in the presence of propranolol increased HR from 80.8 +/- 7 to 202.8 +/- 8.9 beats/min in lean dogs and from 113.8 +/- 12.1 to 131.7 +/- 18.2 in obese dogs. These data suggest the increase in HR observed in obese dogs may be due to a decrease in parasympathetic inhibition rather than an increase in sympathetic stimulation. The blunted response to methoxamine in obese hypertensive dogs suggests that the sympathetic control of peripheral vascular resistance is altered in obesity.


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