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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 271: R1701-R1706, 1996;
0363-6119/96 $5.00
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AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol 271, Issue 6 1701-R1706, Copyright © 1996 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Mechanisms of maternofetal chloride transfer across the human placenta perfused in vitro

I. M. Doughty, J. D. Glazier, S. L. Greenwood, R. D. Boyd and C. P. Sibley
Department of Child Health, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, United Kingdom.

To determine the relative contribution of the paracellular and transcellular routes to Cl-transfer, unidirectional maternofetal clearance (Kmf) of 36Cl was compared with Kmf of 51Cr-EDTA and creatinine across the human placenta perfused in vitro. The effect of C1-transport inhibitors 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid (DIDS) and diphenylamine-2-carboxylate (DPC) was also investigated. The diffusion coefficient (D) was estimated for each solute by use of an agar diffusion method. At steady state, Kmf/D for 36Cl (0.070 +/- 0.003 cm, n = 23) was not different from that for 51Cr-EDTA (0.070 +/- 0.003 cm, n = 23), and Kmf/D was significantly higher for creatinine than for 36Cl and 51Cr-EDTA (0.087 +/- 0.003 cm, n = 20, P < 0.001). Addition of the inhibitors DIDS and DPC to the perfusates resulted in a small but significant rise in Kmf of 51Cr-EDTA (0.41 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.49 +/- 0.02 ml/min, n = 16, P < 0.0001) and creatinine (0.66 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.74 +/- 0.04 ml/min, n = 13, P < 0.001), but Kmf of 36Cl was unchanged (1.11 +/- 0.07 vs. 1.13 +/- 0.05 ml/min, n = 16). There was no change in Kmf of any solute with time in control experiments. From these data, DIDS- and DPC-inhibitable fractions of Kmf for 36Cl were estimated and together accounted for 16% of total clearance. This study suggests that maternofetal flux of 36Cl across the in vitro perfused human placenta occurs predominantly, but not solely, via paracellular routes.


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