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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 274: R168-R174, 1998;
0363-6119/98 $5.00
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Vol. 274, Issue 1, R168-R174, January 1998

Cafeteria diet-induced sleep is blocked by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy in rats

Michael K. Hansen, Levente Kapás, Jidong Fang, and James M. Krueger

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Tennessee, Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38163

Feeding rats a cafeteria diet results in increased food intake and excess sleep. Furthermore, vagal afferent activity is altered by a variety of gastrointestinal factors, and vagal stimulation can induce sleep. We investigated, therefore, the hypothesis that the vagal nerve plays a critical role in mediating the sleep-inducing effects of cafeteria feeding. We examined the effects of a cafeteria diet on sleep, electroencephalographic (EEG) slow-wave activity (SWA), and brain temperature (Tbr) in control and vagotomized rats. EEG, electromyogram, and Tbr were recorded for 7 consecutive days. Day 1 was considered a baseline day; normal rat chow was available ad libitum. On days 2-4, the animals were fed, in addition to normal chow, a mixed, energy-rich diet (cafeteria diet). On days 5-7, the rats were again fed only normal rat chow. In control rats, the cafeteria diet resulted in an increase in non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS), which was the result of a significant lengthening of the NREMS episodes. In contrast, feeding vagotomized rats the cafeteria diet resulted in a decrease in NREMS. Cafeteria feeding decreased REMS and EEG SWA and increased Tbr in both control and vagotomized rats. These results suggest that an intact vagus plays a key role in the NREMS-inducing effects of the cafeteria diet.

feeding; vagal nerve; non-rapid eye movement sleep; rapid eye movement sleep; brain temperature; electroencephalographic slow-wave activity


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