The preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge results from the integration of complex interactions among gonadal steroids and hypothalamic and pituitary hormones. To evaluate changes in LH secretory dynamics that occur during the rat LH surge, we have 1) obtained frequently sampled serum LH concentration time series, 2) used both waveform-dependent and waveform-independent convolution analyses, and 3) independently assessed proestrous LH half-life and basal non-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-dependent LH secretion during the LH surge. Waveform-independent pulse analysis revealed a 24-fold increase in the maximal pulsatile LH secretory rate attained during late proestrus compared with early proestrus. A 15-fold increase was quantified for the mean LH secretory rate. In complementary analyses, we applied a measured LH half-life of 17 ± 2.7 min and a median basal LH secretion rate of 0.0046 µg · l¹ · min¹ for convolution analysis, revealing a 16-fold increase in the mass of LH released/burst and more than sixfold rise in the amplitude of the secretory peaks. Evaluation of the approximate entropy of the LH surge profiles was performed, showing an increase in the orderliness of the LH release process during the surge. We conclude that both quantitative (mass/burst) and qualitative (approximate entropy) features of LH release are regulated during the proestrous LH surge.