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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 276: R226-R232, 1999;
0363-6119/99 $5.00
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Vol. 276, Issue 1, R226-R232, January 1999

Hormonal regulation of leptin expression in broiler chickens

Christopher M. Ashwell, Susan M. Czerwinski, Donna M. Brocht, and John P. McMurtry

Growth Biology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705

Leptin, the polypeptide hormone encoded by the obese gene, is secreted by adipose tissue and has been shown to induce satiety and increase energy expenditure in mammals. In this study, we confirmed the presence of a leptin homolog in liver and adipose tissues of broiler chickens. Leptin expression was also detected in chicken embryonic liver and yolk sac. The effects of hormone treatment on leptin expression in chickens were also investigated. Leptin expression in the liver is increased by insulin and dexamethasone and decreased by glucagon and estrogen. There was no induction of leptin expression in adipose tissue by any treatment, whereas only estrogen decreased adipose expression. The differential effect on liver and adipose tissue suggests that adipocytes in chickens may be expressing leptin at a maximal rate or that its mechanism of expression regulation differs from liver. The localization of leptin expression and tissue-specific effects of hormone treatments on leptin expression observed in chickens may indicate a relationship between leptin and avian lipid metabolism.

avian embryo; yolk sac; insulin; dexamethasone; estrogen; glucagon; insulin-like growth factor I


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