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1 Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611; and 2 Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
Sympathetic nerve activity to brown adipose
tissue (BAT) regulates adipocyte metabolism of its stored lipid fuel
and thus the thermogenesis in BAT. To determine if the discharge of
neurons in the rostral raphe pallidus (RPa) can influence BAT
thermogenesis, changes in sympathetic nerve activity to BAT were
recorded after microinjection (60 nl) of the
GABAA receptor antagonist
bicuculline (500 µM) into the RPa in chloralose-urethan-anesthetized,
ventilated rats. Bicuculline caused a large, rapid rise in the
sympathetic nerve activity to BAT (which had also increased during
acute hypothermia) from very low, normothermic control levels to
maximum values (mean: 1,949 ± 604% control;
n = 13) after 4-6 min. The
sympathetic nerve discharge to BAT had a mean burst frequency (3.5 ± 0.3 Hz) that was significantly less than the heart rate (7.3 ± 0.2 beats/min), and it was not inhibited during baroreceptor
reflex activation. Bicuculline-stimulated increases in the sympathetic
nerve activity to BAT and cold-evoked increases in neuronal
fos expression were localized to the RPa at the level of the caudal half of the facial nucleus. This dramatic increase in sympathetic nerve activity to BAT
after disinhibition of neurons in rostral RPa is consistent with a
major role for RPa neurons, perhaps as sympathetic premotoneurons for
BAT, in medullary control of BAT thermogenesis.
thermogenesis; hypothermia; fos
expression; bicuculline; arterial pressure; sympathetic rhythms; cold; 
-aminobutyric acid
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