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1 Neuropsychology and
Behavioral Neurosciences Program,
Brown adipose
tissue (BAT) plays a critical role in cold- and diet-induced
thermogenesis. Although BAT is densely innervated by the sympathetic
nervous system (SNS), little is known about the central nervous system
(CNS) origins of this innervation. The purpose of the present
experiment was to determine the neuroanatomic chain of functionally
connected neurons from the CNS to BAT. A transneuronal viral tract
tracer, Bartha's K strain of the pseudorabies virus (PRV), was
injected into the interscapular BAT of Siberian hamsters. The animals
were killed 4 and 6 days postinjection, and the infected neurons were
visualized by immunocytochemistry. PRV-infected neurons were found in
the spinal cord, brain stem, midbrain, and forebrain. The intensity of
labeled neurons in the forebrain varied from heavy infections in the
medial preoptic area and paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus to few
infections in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, with moderate
infections in the suprachiasmatic and lateral hypothalamic nuclei.
These results define the SNS outflow from the brain to BAT for the
first time in any species.
pseudorabies virus; thermogenesis; obesity; autonomic nervous system; tract tracing; central nervous system
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