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1 Division of Surgery, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-182 88; Departments of 2 Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 3 Radiology, and 4 Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; and 5 Department of Medical Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-1017 Denmark
The aim of
the present study was to assess the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1
(GLP-1) on solid gastric emptying and the subsequent release of
pancreatic and intestinal hormones. In eight men [age 33.6 ± 2.5 yr, body mass index 24.1 ± 0.9 (means ± SE)], scintigraphic solid gastric emptying during infusion of GLP-1 (0.75 pmol · kg
1 · min1)
or saline was studied for 180 min. Concomitantly, plasma concentrations of C- and N-terminal GLP-1, glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, and
peptide YY (PYY) were assessed. Infusion of GLP-1 resulted in a
profound inhibition of both the lag phase (GLP-1: 91.5, range 73.3-103.6 min vs. saline: 19.5, range 10.2-43.4 min) and
emptying rate (GLP-1: 0.34, range 0.06-0.56 %/min vs. saline:
0.84, range 0.54-1.33 %/min; P < 0.01 for both) of solid gastric emptying. Concentrations of both
intact and total GLP-1 were elevated to supraphysiological levels.
Plasma glucose and glucagon concentrations were below baseline during
infusion of GLP-1 in contrast to saline infusion, where concentrations
were elevated above baseline (both P < 0.001). The insulin and C-peptide responses were lower during infusion with GLP-1 than with saline
(P < 0.004 and
P < 0.001, respectively). Plasma PYY
concentrations decreased below baseline during GLP-1 infusion in
contrast to saline, where concentrations were elevated above baseline
(P = 0.04). Infusion of GLP-1 inhibits solid gastric emptying with secondary effects on the release of insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon, resulting in lower plasma glucose concentrations. In addition, the release of PYY into the circulation is
inhibited by GLP-1 infusion, suggesting a negative feedback of GLP-1 on
the function of the L-cell.
glucagon-like peptide-1; peptide YY; radionuclide; ileal break; gut peptides
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