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1 Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend Center for Medical Education, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556; and 2 Regulatory Peptide Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
The
cardiovascular effects of endothelin (ET)-1 and the recently sequenced
homologous trout ET were examined in unanesthetized trout, and vascular
capacitance curves were constructed to evaluate the responsiveness of
the venous system to ET-1. A bolus dose of 667 pmol/kg ET-1 doubled
ventral aortic pressure; produced a triphasic pressor-depressor-pressor
response in dorsal aortic pressure (PDA); increased central
venous pressure, gill resistance, and systemic resistance; and
decreased cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume. These
responses were dose dependent. Bolus injection of trout ET (333 or
1,000 pmol/kg) produced essentially identical, dose-dependent
cardiovascular responses as ET-1. Dorsal aortic infusion of 1 and 3 pmol · kg
1 · min
1
ET-1 and central venous infusion into the ductus Cuvier of 0.3 and 1 pmol · kg
1 · min
1
produced similar dose-dependent cardiovascular responses, although the
increase in PDA became monophasic. The heightened
sensitivity to central venous infusion was presumably due to the more
immediate exposure of the branchial vasculature to the peptide.
Infusion of 1 pmol · kg
1 · min
1
ET-1 decreased vascular compliance but had no effect on unstressed blood volume. These results show that ETs affect a variety of cardiovascular functions in trout and that branchial vascular resistance and venous compliance are especially sensitive. The multiplicity of effectors stimulated by ET suggests that this peptide
was extensively integrated into cardiovascular function early on in
vertebrate phylogeny.
fish; vascular capacitance; unstressed blood volume; mean circulatory filling pressure
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