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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 278: R1232-R1239, 2000;
0363-6119/00 $5.00
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Vol. 278, Issue 5, R1232-R1239, May 2000

Differential inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in systemic and pulmonary vessels after endotoxin

Edward J. Pulido1, Brian D. Shames1, David A. Fullerton2, Brett C. Sheridan1, Craig H. Selzman1, Fabia Gamboni-Robertson1, Denis D. Bensard3, and Robert C. McIntyre Jr1

1 Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and The Veterans Affairs Hospital, Denver 80262; 3 Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Denver, Colorado 80218; and 2 Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is associated with vascular hypocontractility in systemic vessels after endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Although lung iNOS is increased after LPS, its role in the pulmonary circulation is unclear. We hypothesized that whereas iNOS upregulation is responsible for LPS-induced vascular dysfunction in systemic vessels, iNOS does not play a significant role in the pulmonary artery (PA). Using isolated aorta (AO) and PA rings, we examined the effect of nonselective NOS inhibition [NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA); 100 µmol/l] and selective iNOS inhibition (aminoguanidine, AG; 100 µmol/l) on alpha 1-adrenergic-mediated vasoconstriction (phenylephrine; 10-9 to 10-3 M) after LPS (Salmonella typhimurium, 20 mg/kg ip). We also determined the presence of iNOS using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. LPS markedly impaired AO contractility (maximal control tension 1,076 ± 33 mg vs. LPS 412 ± 39 mg, P < 0.05), but PA contractility was unchanged (control 466 ± 29 mg vs. LPS 455 ± 27 mg, P > 0.05). Selective iNOS inhibition restored the AO's response to vasoconstriction (LPS + AG 1,135 ± 54 mg, P > 0.05 vs. control and P < 0.05 vs. LPS), but had no effect on the PA (LPS + AG 422 ± 38 mg, P > 0.05 vs. control and LPS). Western blot and immunohistochemistry revealed increased iNOS expression in the AO after LPS, but iNOS was not detected in the PA. Our results suggest that differential iNOS expression after LPS in systemic and pulmonary vessels contributes to the phenomenon of sepsis/endotoxemia-induced systemic hypotension and pulmonary hypertension.

aorta; pulmonary artery; aminoguanidine; NG-monomethyl-L-arginine; Salmonella tymphimurium


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