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Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9040
Maturation rates of vascular and
visceral smooth muscle (SM) during ovine development were compared by
quantifying contractile protein, myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform
contents, and contractile properties of aortas and bladders from female
fetal (n = 19) and postnatal (n = 21) sheep. Actin,
myosin, and protein contents rose progressively throughout development
in both tissues (P 
0.003); however, expression patterns
differed. During the last trimester, i.e., 101-130 days (term
~145 days), bladder actin and MHC contents were approximately twofold
greater (P < 0.04) than those in the aorta. Although the
fractional content of 204-kDa SM1 MHC in the bladder decreased from 74 ± 3% at midgestation to 48 ± 2% 3 mo postnatal, the aorta
exhibited an increase from 30 ± 2% to 65 ± 2%. Bladder MHC
(MHC-B) migrating at 200 kDa contained only SM2 throughout development.
In contrast, 200-kDa MHC in the aorta was predominantly nonmuscle MHC-B
at midgestation, which was gradually replaced by SM2 as development
progressed. Along with its early expression of SM2, bladder muscle
obtained maximal stress generating capacity (1.7 × 105 N/m2) by term gestation, whereas the aorta
exhibited no contractions until after birth. We conclude that whereas
aortic SM maturation is delayed until after birth, bladder SM matures
biochemically and functionally during prenatal development, thus
supporting early requirements for micturition.
actin; myosin; aorta
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