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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 279: R499-R504, 2000;
0363-6119/00 $5.00
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Vol. 279, Issue 2, R499-R504, August 2000

Activation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors impairs exercise-induced lipolysis in SCAT of obese subjects

Vladimir Stich1, Isabelle De Glisezinski2,3, Francois Crampes2,3, Jindra Hejnova1, Jean-Marie Cottet-Emard4, Jean Galitzky3,5, Max Lafontan3, Daniel Rivière2,3, and Michel Berlan3,5

1 Department of Sport Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 10000 Praha, Czech Republic; 2 Department of the Adaptation to Exercise, Purpan Hospital, Toulouse; 4 Department of Physiology, Claude Bernard University, 69373 Lyon; 5 Department of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 31073 Toulouse; and 3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 317 Rangueil Hospital, Paul Sabatier University, 31403 Toulouse, France

With the use of the microdialysis method, exercise-induced lipolysis was investigated in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) in obese subjects and compared with lean ones, and the effect of blockade of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors (ARs) on lipolysis during exercise was explored. Changes in extracellular glycerol concentrations and blood flow were measured in SCAT in a control microdialysis probe at rest and during 60-min exercise bouts (50% of heart rate reserve) and in a probe supplemented with the alpha 2-AR antagonist phentolamine. At rest and during exercise, plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine concentrations were not different in obese compared with lean men. In the basal state, plasma and extracellular glycerol concentrations were higher, whereas blood flow was lower in SCAT of obese subjects. During exercise, the increase of plasma glycerol was higher in obese subjects (115 ± 35 vs. 65 ± 21 µmol/l). Oppositely, the exercise-induced increase in extracellular glycerol concentrations in SCAT was five- to sixfold lower in obese than in lean subjects (50 ± 14 vs. 318 ± 53 µmol/l). The exercise-induced increase in extracellular glycerol concentration was not significantly modified by phentolamine infusion in lean subjects but was strongly enhanced in the obese subjects and reached the concentrations found in lean sujects (297 ± 46 µmol/l). These findings demonstrate that the physiological stimulation of SCAT adipocyte alpha 2-ARs during exercice-induced sympathetic nervous system activation contributes to the blunted lipolysis noted in obese men.

microdialysis; catecholamines; blood flow; phentolamine; glycerol; lipid mobilization


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