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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 279: R1239-R1250, 2000;
0363-6119/00 $5.00
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Vol. 279, Issue 4, R1239-R1250, October 2000

Gene expression in the rat supraoptic nucleus induced by chronic hyperosmolality versus hyposmolality

Eric Glasgow1, Takashi Murase2, Bingjun Zhang1, Joseph G. Verbalis2, and Harold Gainer1

1 Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; and 2 Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia 20007

Magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system play a fundamental role in the maintenance of body homeostasis by secreting vasopressin and oxytocin in response to systemic osmotic perturbations. During chronic hyperosmolality, vasopressin and oxytocin mRNA levels increase twofold, whereas, during chronic hyposmolality, these mRNA levels decrease to 10-20% of that of normoosmolar control animals. To determine what other genes respond to these osmotic perturbations, we have analyzed gene expression during chronic hyper- versus hyponatremia. Thirty-seven cDNA clones were isolated by differentially screening cDNA libraries that were generated from supraoptic nucleus tissue punches from hyper- or hyponatremic rats. Further analysis of 12 of these cDNAs by in situ hybridization histochemistry confirmed that they are osmotically regulated. These cDNAs represent a variety of functional classes and include cytochrome oxidase, tubulin, Na+-K+-ATPase, spectrin, PEP-19, calmodulin, GTPase, DnaJ-like, clathrin-associated, synaptic glycoprotein, regulator of GTPase stimulation, and gene for oligodendrocyte lineage-myelin basic proteins. This analysis therefore suggests that adaptation to chronic osmotic stress results in global changes in gene expression in the magnocellular neurons of the supraoptic nucleus.

vasopressin; oxytocin; neurophysin; PEP-19; gene for oligodendrocyte lineage-myelin basic protein; magnocellular neuron


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