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1 Departamento de Biología del Desarrollo, Centro de Neurobiología, 2 Departamento de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, and 3 Departamento de Anatomía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, México
Restricted feeding schedules entrain behavioral and
physiological circadian rhythms, which depend on a food-entrainable
oscillator (FEO). The mechanism of the FEO might depend on digestive
and endocrine processes regulating energy balance. The present study characterizes the dynamics of circulating corticosterone, insulin, and
glucagon and regulatory parameters of liver metabolism in rats under
restricted feeding schedules. With respect to ad libitum controls,
food-restricted rats showed 1) an increase in corticosterone and glucagon and a decrease in insulin before food access, indicating a
predominant catabolic state; and 2) a reduction in
lactate-to-pyruvate and
-hydroxybutyrate-to-acetoacetate ratios,
indicating an oxidized cytoplasmic and mitochondrial redox state in the
liver metabolism. All these changes were reversed after feeding.
Moreover, liver energy charge in food-restricted rats did not show a
significant modification before feeding, despite an increase in adenine
nucleotides, but showed an important decrease after food intake.
Variations detected in the liver of food-restricted rats are different
from those prevailing under 24-h fasting. These observations suggest "anticipatory activity" of the liver metabolism to optimize the processing of nutrients to daily feeding. Data also suggest a possible
relationship of the liver and endocrine signals with the FEO.
meal feeding; food-entrained oscillator; hepatic metabolism; endocrine profile
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