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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 279: R2079-R2088, 2000;
0363-6119/00 $5.00
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Vol. 279, Issue 6, R2079-R2088, December 2000

Sleep-related c-Fos protein expression in the preoptic hypothalamus: effects of ambient warming

Hui Gong1, Ronald Szymusiak2,3, Janice King2, Teresa Steininger1, and Dennis McGinty1,3

Departments of 1 Psychology and 2 Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095; and 3 Veterans Administration, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Sepulveda, Los Angeles, California 91343

Preoptic area (POA) neuronal activity promotes sleep, but the localization of critical sleep-active neurons is not completely known. Thermal stimulation of the POA also facilitates sleep. This study used the c-Fos protein immunostaining method to localize POA sleep-active neurons at control (22°C) and mildly elevated (31.5°C) ambient temperatures. At 22°C, after sleep, but not after waking, we found increased numbers of c-Fos immunoreactive neurons (IRNs) in both rostral and caudal parts of the median preoptic nucleus (MnPN) and in the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO). In animals sleeping at 31.5°C, significantly more Fos IRNs were found in the rostral MnPN compared with animals sleeping at 22°C. In VLPO, Fos IRN counts were no longer increased over waking levels after sleep at the elevated ambient temperature. Sleep-associated Fos IRNs were also found diffusely in the POA, but counts were lower than those made after waking. This study supports a hypothesis that the MnPN, as well as the VLPO, is part of the POA sleep-facilitating system and that the rostral MnPN may facilitate sleep, particularly at elevated ambient temperatures.

thermosensitive neurons; median preoptic nucleus; ventrolateral preoptic area


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