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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 280: R913-R920, 2001;
0363-6119/01 $5.00
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Vol. 280, Issue 4, R913-R920, April 2001

Sites of respiratory rhythmogenesis during development in the tadpole

C. S. Torgerson1, M. J. Gdovin2, and J. E. Remmers1

1 Respiratory Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1; and 2 Division of Life Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249

During ontogeny, amphibian larvae experience a dramatic alteration in the motor act of breathing as the premetamorphic gill breather develops into the postmetamorphic lung ventilator. We tested the hypothesis that the site of lung rhythmogenesis relocates during metamorphosis by recording fictive lung ventilation before and after transecting the in vitro brain stem of pre- and postmetamorphic Rana catesbeiana into four segments. In premetamorphic tadpoles, the two caudalmost brain stem segments combined proved to be the minimum brain stem configuration necessary and sufficient for lung burst generation. In the postmetamorphic counterpart, this function was supplied by the combination of the two rostralmost brain stem segments. In the postmetamorphic brain stem, a 500-µm segment lying just rostral to cranial nerve IX conveys rhythmogenic capability to neighboring rostral or caudal segments. We conclude that lung rhythmogenic capability translocates rostrally during development as the tadpole shifts from gill to lung ventilation.

central pattern generator; control of breathing; central respiratory chemoreceptor; medulla; ontogeny


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