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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 280: R1483-R1487, 2001;
0363-6119/01 $5.00
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Vol. 280, Issue 5, R1483-R1487, May 2001

Hemodynamic and hormonal effects of human ghrelin in healthy volunteers

Noritoshi Nagaya1, Masayasu Kojima2, Masaaki Uematsu3, Masakazu Yamagishi1, Hiroshi Hosoda2, Hideo Oya1, Yujiro Hayashi4, and Kenji Kangawa2

Departments of 1 Internal Medicine and 2 Biochemistry, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka 565 - 8565; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka 552-0021; and 4 Institute for Medical Research and Development, Suntory Limited, Gunma 370-0503, Japan

To investigate hemodynamic and hormonal effects of ghrelin, a novel growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide, we gave six healthy men an intravenous bolus of human ghrelin (10 µg/kg) or placebo and vice versa 1-2 wk apart in a randomized fashion. Ghrelin elicited a marked increase in circulating GH (15-fold). The elevation of GH lasted longer than 60 min after the bolus injection. Injection of ghrelin significantly decreased mean arterial pressure (-12 mmHg, P < 0.05) without a significant change in heart rate (-4 beats/min, P = 0.39). Ghrelin significantly increased cardiac index (+16%, P < 0.05) and stroke volume index (+22%, P < 0.05). We also examined ghrelin receptor [GH secretagogues receptor (GHS-R)] gene expression in the aortas, the left ventricles, and the left atria of rats by RT-PCR. GHS-R mRNA was detectable in the rat aortas, left ventricles, and left atria, suggesting that ghrelin may cause cardiovascular effects through GH-independent mechanisms. In summary, human ghrelin elicited a potent, long-lasting GH release and had beneficial hemodynamic effects via reducing cardiac afterload and increasing cardiac output without an increase in heart rate.

hemodynamics; hormones; vasodilation


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