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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 281: R365-R372, 2001;
0363-6119/01 $5.00
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Vol. 281, Issue 1, R365-R372, July 2001

RAPID COMMUNICATION
Moderate levels of ethanol induce expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and stimulate angiogenesis

Jian-Wei Gu, Jesse Elam, Amanda Sartin, Wen Li, Raymond Roach, and Thomas H. Adair

Angiogenesis Research Laboratories, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216

Alcohol abuse has a negative impact on human health; however, epidemiological studies show that moderate consumption of ethanol (EtOH) reduces the risk of coronary heart disease, sudden cardiac death, and ischemic stroke. The mechanisms for these reductions in cardiovascular disease are not well established. Using cultured coronary artery vascular smooth muscle cells, we found that moderate levels of EtOH (10 and 20 mM) caused dose-related increases in both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA (Northern blot) expression (1.9- and 2.6-fold) and VEGF protein (ELISA) expression (19 and 68%) compared with control (P < 0.05). EtOH at 0.25 g · kg-1 · day-1 (7 days) increased VEGF mRNA expression by 1.48-fold over control, and increased vessel length density from 3.9 ± 0.7 (control) to 6.0 ± 0.3 mm/mm2 (P < 0.05) in chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). We conclude that moderate levels of ethanol can induce VEGF expression and stimulate angiogenesis in chick CAM. Therefore, the results provide a theoretical basis for speculating that the cardiovascular-protective effects of moderate alcohol consumption may be partly mediated through VEGF-induced angiogenesis.

alcohol; vascular smooth muscle cells; chorioallantoic membrane


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