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Weill Medical College of Cornell University, E. W. Bourne Behavioral Laboratory, White Plains, New York 10509
The steroid hormone estradiol
decreases meal size by increasing the potency of negative-feedback
signals involved in meal termination. We used c-Fos
immunohistochemistry, a marker of neuronal activation, to investigate
the hypothesis that estradiol modulates the processing of
feeding-induced negative-feedback signals within the nucleus of the
solitary tract (NTS), the first central relay of the neuronal network
controlling food intake, and within other brain regions related to the
control of food intake. Chow-fed, ovariectomized rats were injected
subcutaneously with 10 µg 17-
estradiol benzoate or sesame oil
vehicle on 2 consecutive days. Forty-eight hours after the second
injections, 0, 5, or 10 ml of a familiar sweet milk diet were presented
for 20 min at dark onset. Rats were perfused 100 min later, and brain
tissue was collected and processed for c-Fos-like immunoreactivity.
Feeding increased the number of c-Fos-positive cells in the NTS, the
paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), and the central
nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) in oil-treated rats. Estradiol treatment
further increased this response in the caudal, subpostremal, and
intermediate NTS, which process negative-feedback satiation signals,
but not in the rostral NTS, which processes positive-feedback gustatory signals controlling meal size. Estradiol treatment also increased feeding-induced c-Fos in the PVN and CeA. These results indicate that
modest amounts of food increase neuronal activity within brain regions
implicated in the control of meal size in ovariectomized rats and that
estradiol treatment selectively increases this activation. They also
suggest that estradiol decreases meal size by increasing feeding-related neuronal activity in multiple regions of the
distributed neural network controlling meal size.
ingestive behavior; meal size; satiation; nucleus of the solitary tract; amygdala; paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; females
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