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1 Laboratoire de Neurologie et Physiologie du Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale E9935, and Service de Physiologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris; and 2 Unité de Recherches sur les Adaptations Physiologiques et Comportementales, Faculté de Médecine D'Amiens, 80036 Amiens, France
Breathing during the
first postnatal hours has not been examined in mice, the preferred
mammalian species for genetic studies. We used whole body
plethysmography to measure ventilation (
E), breath duration (TTOT), and tidal volume (VT)
in mice delivered vaginally (VD) or by cesarean section (CS). In
experiment 1, 101 VD and 100 CS pups aged 1, 6, 12, 24, or
48 h were exposed to 8% CO2 or 10% O2
for 90 s. In experiment 2, 31 VD pups aged 1, 12, or
24 h were exposed to 10% O2 for 5 min. Baseline
breathing maturation was delayed in CS pups, but E
responses to hypercapnia and hypoxia were not significantly different
between VD and CS pups [at postnatal age of 1 h (H1): 48 ± 44 and 18 ± 32%, respectively, in VD and CS pups combined]. The
E increase induced by hypoxia was greater at H12
(46 ± 27%) because of TTOT response maturation. At
all ages, hypoxic decline was ascribable mainly to a VT
decrease, and posthypoxic decline was ascribable to a TTOT
increase with apneas, suggesting different underlying neuronal mechanisms.
development; chemical control of breathing; hypoxic decline
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