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1 Evans Department of Medicine and Departments of 3 Surgery and 5 Biochemistry, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118; 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905; and 4 AdipoGenix, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
Fat distribution varies among
individuals with similar body fat content. Innate differences in
adipose cell characteristics may contribute because lipid accumulation
and lipogenic enzyme activities vary among preadipocytes
cultured from different fat depots. We determined expression of the
adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator activated
receptor-
(PPAR-) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-
(C/EBP-) and their targets in abdominal subcutaneous, mesenteric,
and omental preadipocytes cultured in parallel from obese subjects.
Subcutaneous preadipocytes, which had the highest lipid accumulation,
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PD) activity, and adipocyte fatty
acid binding protein (aP2) abundance, had highest PPAR- and
C/EBP- expression. Levels were intermediate in mesenteric
and lowest in omental preadipocytes. Overexpression of C/EBP- in
transfected omental preadipocytes enhanced differentiation. The
proportion of differentiated cells in colonies derived from single
subcutaneous preadipocytes was higher than in mesenteric or omental
clones. Only cells that acquired lipid inclusions exhibited C/EBP-
upregulation, irrespective of depot origin. Thus regional variation in
adipogenesis depends on differences at the level of transcription
factor expression and is a trait conferred on daughter cells.
adipocyte fatty acid binding protein; fatty acid binding protein; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-; CCAAT/enhancer binding
protein-
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