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1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226; and 2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
Mediator contributions to hypoxic
dilation of rat gracilis muscle resistance arteries were determined by
measuring dilation, vascular smooth muscle hyperpolarization, and
metabolite production after incremental hypoxia. Nitric oxide (NO)
synthase inhibition abolished responses to mild hypoxia, whereas COX
inhibition impaired responses to more severe hypoxia by 77%. Blocking
20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) impaired responses to
moderate hypoxia. With only NO systems intact, responses were
maintained with mild hypoxia (88% normal) mediated via KCa
channels. When only COX pathways were intact, responses to
moderate-severe hypoxia were largely retained (79% of normal) mediated
via KATP channels. Vessel responses to moderate hypoxia
were retained with only 20-HETE systems intact mediated via
KCa channels. NO production increased 5.6-fold with mild
hypoxia; greater hypoxia was without further effect. With increased
hypoxia, 20-HETE levels fell to 40% of control values. 6-keto-PGF1
levels were not altered with mild hypoxia,
but increased 4.6-fold with severe hypoxia. These results suggest vascular reactivity to progressive hypoxia represents an integration of
NO production (mild hypoxia), PGI2 production (severe
hypoxia), and reduced 20-HETE levels (moderate hypoxia).
nitric oxide; prostacyclin; skeletal muscle microcirculation; oxygen-induced vascular reactivity; cytochrome P-450 4a enzymes; microvessels; 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
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