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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 283: R972-R982, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00070.2002
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Vol. 283, Issue 4, R972-R982, October 2002

Angiotensin II receptor (type 1 and 2) expression peaks when placental growth is maximal in sheep

Irene Koukoulas, Tomris Mustafa, Rebecca Douglas-Denton, and E. Marelyn Wintour

Howard Florey Institute of Experimental Physiology and Medicine, The University of Melbourne, 3010 Victoria, Australia

In sheep, placental size is maximal by midgestation, but blood flow continues to increase until term. No nerves are present and ANG II is thought to be a major regulator of vascular tone. We hypothesized that angiotensin type 2 receptors (AT2) would predominate over type 1 (AT1) until late in gestation and be primarily expressed in the vasculature. Real-time PCR, hybridization histochemistry, and ligand-binding studies were performed on placentae and fetal membranes at 27, 45, 66 ± 1, 100 ± 4, 130, and 140 days of gestation (term approx  150 days) to determine quantitative changes and localization. The maximum level of AT1 expression occurred in the 45-day placenta and was located predominantly in the maternal stromal cells. AT1 receptors were expressed in the endothelial cells of the chorion in the first half of pregnancy, where later in gestation, both AT1 and AT2 receptors were predominant in blood vessels. These results suggest that ANG II, via the AT1 receptor, may have hitherto unsuspected important roles in the growth/function on the ovine placenta during the maximal growth phase.

AT1 receptor; AT2 receptor; placenta; pregnancy; real-time polymerase chain reaction


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