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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 283: R1027-R1032, 2002. First published August 1, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00298.2002
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Vol. 283, Issue 5, R1027-R1032, November 2002

Vestibulosympathetic reflex during orthostatic challenge in aging humans

Kevin D. Monahan and Chester A. Ray

Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, General Clinical Research Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033

Aging attenuates the increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and elicits hypotension during otolith organ engagement in humans. The purpose of the present study was to determine the neural and cardiovascular responses to otolithic engagement during orthostatic stress in older adults. We hypothesized that age-related impairments in the vestibulosympathetic reflex would persist during orthostatic challenge in older subjects and might compromise arterial blood pressure regulation. MSNA, arterial blood pressure, and heart rate responses to head-down rotation (HDR) performed with and without lower body negative pressure (LBNP) in prone subjects were measured. Ten young (27 ± 1 yr) and 11 older subjects (64 ± 1 yr) were studied prospectively. HDR performed alone elicited an attenuated increase in MSNA in older subjects (Delta 106 ± 28 vs. Delta 20 ± 7% for young and older subjects). HDR performed during simultaneous orthostatic stress increased total MSNA further in young (Delta 53 ± 15%; P < 0.05) but not older subjects (Delta -5 ± 4%). Older subjects demonstrated consistent significant hypotension during HDR performed both alone (Delta -6 ± 2 mmHg) and during LBNP (Delta -7 ± 2 mmHg). These data provide experimental support for the concept that age-related impairments in the vestibulosympathetic reflex persist during orthostatic challenge in older adults. Furthermore, these findings are consistent with the concept that age-related alterations in vestibular function might contribute to altered orthostatic blood pressure regulation with age in humans.

vestibular; blood pressure regulation; orthostasis; baroreflex; autonomic nervous system


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