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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 283: R1198-R1209, 2002. First published August 1, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00525.2001
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Vol. 283, Issue 5, R1198-R1209, November 2002

Effects of rearing temperature on sympathoadrenal activity in young adult rats

James B. Young, Jeffrey Weiss, and Nadine Boufath

Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611

Animals reared at 18°C exhibit enhanced innervation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and greater cold tolerance as adults, yet gain more weight when fed an enriched diet compared with rats reared at 30°C. To explore this paradox, sympathoadrenal activity was examined using techniques of [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE) turnover and urinary catecholamine excretion in male and female rats reared until 2 mo of age at 18 or 30°C. Gene expression in BAT was also analyzed for several sympathetically related proteins. Although [3H]NE turnover in heart did not differ between groups, [3H]NE turnover in BAT was consistently elevated in the 18°C-reared animals, even 2 mo after removal from the cool environment. Gene expression for uncoupling proteins 1 and 3, GLUT-4, leptin, and the alpha 1A-adrenergic receptor was more abundant in BAT and the increase in epinephrine excretion with fasting suppressed in 18°C-reared animals. These studies demonstrate that obesity consequent to exposure to 18°C in early life occurs despite tonic elevation of sympathetic input to BAT. Diminished adrenal epinephrine responsiveness to fasting may play a contributory role.

adrenal medulla; brown fat; epinephrine; norepinephrine; sympathetic nervous system


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