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Departments of 1 Neurology, 2 Anatomy and Neurobiology, and 3 Surgery, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405
The purpose of this
study was to determine the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its
metabolites in lower urinary tract function after induction of acute (4 h), intermediate (48 h), or chronic (10 day) cyclophosphamide
(CYP)-induced cystitis. Bladders were harvested from euthanized female
rats for analyses. Conscious cystometry was used to assess the effects
of a COX-2-specific inhibitor,
5,5-dimethyl-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl2(5H)-furanone (DFU, 5 mg/kg sc), a disubstituted furanone, in CYP-induced cystitis. COX-2 mRNA was increased in inflamed bladders after acute (12-fold) and
chronic (9-fold) treatment. COX-2 protein expression in inflamed bladders paralleled COX-2 mRNA expression. Prostaglandin
D2-methoxime expression in the bladder was significantly
(P 
0.01) increased in acute (3-fold) and chronic
(5.5-fold) cystitis. Prostaglandin E2 was significantly
(P 0.01) increased (2-fold) in the bladder with
intermediate (1.7-fold) and chronic (2.6-fold) cystitis. COX-2-immunoreactive cell profiles were distributed throughout the
inflamed bladder and coexpressed histamine immunoreactivity. Conscious
cystometry in rats treated with CYP + DFU showed increased micturition intervals 4 and 48 h after CYP treatment and decreased intravesical pressures during filling and micturition compared with
rats treated with CYP + vehicle. These studies suggest an involvement of urinary bladder COX-2 and its metabolites in altered micturition reflexes with CYP-induced cystitis.
inflammation; prostaglandins; 5,5-dimethyl-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl-2(5H)-furanone; mast cells; cystometry
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