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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 284: R751-R759, 2003. First published November 27, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00268.2002
0363-6119/03 $5.00
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Vol. 284, Issue 3, R751-R759, March 2003

Energy restriction with protein restriction increases basal metabolism and meal-induced thermogenesis in rats

Patrick C. Even1, Eric Bertin2, Marie-Noelle Gangnerau2, Suzanne Roseau1, Daniel Tomé1, and Bernard Portha2

1 Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche 914, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon, 75231 Paris Cedex 05; and 2 Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Nutrition, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Unité Mixte de Recherches 7059, Université Paris, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France

We previously observed an increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity that was partly responsible for a defect in the insulin secretion response to glucose after postweaning protein-energy restriction (PER) in female rats. These results, together with other data on low-protein feeding, suggested that a low protein-to-energy ratio (P/E) in the diet could stimulate energy expenditure (EE), but direct measurements of EE have never been reported under conditions of PER. The goal of the present study was thus to quantify the changes induced by PER to body composition, the various parameters of EE, and plasma triiodothyronine levels. PER induced severe growth retardation, but the subcutaneous white and interscapular brown adipose tissue masses were preserved. Basal metabolism, meal-induced thermogenesis, and triiodothyronine levels were increased, but substrate utilization by the working muscles was unaffected. Meal-induced thermogenesis was increased by spontaneous activity in PER rats only. These results suggest that rats adapt to a low P/E in the diet by burning part of their excess nonprotein energy and storing the remaining excess in subcutaneous adipose tissue.

malnutrition; brown adipose tissue; white adipose tissue; indirect calorimetry; triiodothyronine; spontaneous activity


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