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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 286: R366-R372, 2004. First published October 9, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00304.2003
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INFLAMMATION, CYTOKINES, AND TEMPERATURE REGULATION

Effects of moderate exercise and oat {beta}-glucan on innate immune function and susceptibility to respiratory infection

J. M. Davis,1 E. A. Murphy,1 A. S. Brown,1 M. D. Carmichael,1 A. Ghaffar,2 and E. P. Mayer2

1Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health; and the 2Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208

Submitted 2 June 2003 ; accepted in final form 7 October 2003

Both moderate exercise and the soluble oat fiber {beta}-glucan can increase immune function and decrease risk of infection, but no information exists on their possible combined effects. This study tested the effects of moderate exercise and oat {beta}-glucan on respiratory infection, macrophage antiviral resistance, and natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. Mice were assigned to four groups: exercise and water, exercise and oat {beta}-glucan, control water, or control oat {beta}-glucan. Oat {beta}-glucan was fed in the drinking water for 10 days before intranasal inoculation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or euthanasia. Exercise consisted of treadmill running (1 h/day) for 6 days. Macrophage resistance to HSV-1 was increased with both exercise and oat {beta}-glucan, whereas NK cell cytotoxicity was only increased with exercise. Exercise was also associated with a 45 and 38% decrease in morbidity and mortality, respectively. Mortality was also decreased with oat {beta}-glucan, but this effect did not reach statistical significance. No additive effects of exercise and oat {beta}-glucan were found. These data confirm a positive effect of both moderate exercise and oat {beta}-glucan on immune function, but only moderate exercise was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of upper respiratory tract infection in this model.

macrophage; natural killer cell; viral infection; morbidity; mortality


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: J. M. Davis, Dept. of Exercise Science, 1300 Wheat St., Columbia, SC 29208 (E-mail: jmdavis{at}sc.edu).




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