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INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGY

NEUROHUMORAL CONTROL OF CIRCULATION AND HYPERTENSION

Biotelemetry transmitter implantation in rodents: impact on growth and circadian rhythms

United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, Natick, Massachusetts 01760-5007

Submitted 9 July 2003 ; accepted in final form 13 January 2004

The implantation of a biotelemetry transmitter for core body temperature (T_c) and motor activity (MA) measurements is hypothesized to have effects on growth and circadian rhythmicity depending on animal body-to-transmitter (B:T) size ratio. This study examined the impact of transmitter implantation (TM) on body weight, food intake (FI), water intake (WI), and circadian T_c and MA rhythms in mice (23.8 ± 0.04 g) and rats (311.5 ± 5.1 g) receiving no treatment (NT), anesthesia, laparotomy (LAP), and TM. The B:T size ratio was 6:1 and 84:1 for mice and rats, respectively. In mice, body weight required 14 days to recover to presurgical levels and never attained the level of the other groups. FI recovered in 3 days, whereas WI never reached presurgical levels. Rat body weight did not decrease below presurgical levels. FI and WI recovered to presurgical levels in rats by day 2 postsurgery. Anesthesia decreased mouse body weight for 1 wk, but was without effect in rats. LAP significantly decreased body weight for 5 days in mice and 1 day in rats, showing a significant effect of the surgical procedure in the absence of TM in both species. Circadian T_c and MA rhythms were evident within the first week in both species, indicating dissociation between circadian rhythmicity and recovery of growth variables. Cosinor analysis showed a TM effect on T_c min, T_c max, mesor, amplitude, and period of mice, whereas only the amplitude of the rhythm was affected in rats. These data indicate that a large B:T size ratio is associated with minimization of the adverse effects of surgical implantation. We recommend that B:T size ratio, recovery of presurgical body weight, and display of a robust circadian T_c and MA rhythm be established before collection of biotelemetry data collection under an experimental paradigm.

body temperature; body weight; food intake; water intake; surgery

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