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ENVIRONMENTAL, EXERCISE AND RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY

Absence of the cholecystokinin-A receptor deteriorates homeostasis of body temperature in response to changes in ambient temperature

¹Department of Motor and Autonomic Nervous System Integration and ²Clinical Physiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015; and ³Research Institute and ⁴Department of Gastroenterology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka 811-1395, Japan

Submitted 22 September 2003 ; accepted in final form 14 May 2004

The circadian rhythm of the body core temperature (T_c) and the effects of changes in ambient temperatures on the homeostasis of T_c in Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, which are naturally occurring cholecystokinin (CCK)-A receptor (CCK-AR) gene knockout (–/–) rats, were examined. In addition, the peripheral responses to warming or cooling of the preoptic and anterior hypothalamic region (PO/AH) were determined. The circadian rhythm of T_c in OLETF rats was similar to that in Long-Evans Tokushima (LETO) rats; this rhythm was characterized by a higher T_c during the dark period and a lower T_c during the light period. When the ambient temperature was changed within the limits of 0°C to 30°C, the changes in T_c of LETO rats were associated with the changes in ambient temperature, whereas those in OLETF rats were dissociated from the temperature changes. The OLETF rats showed a large hysteresis. The peripheral responses to warming or cooling of PO/AH, including shivering of the neck muscle and changes in skin temperature of the tail and footpad, were similar in OLETF and LETO rats. To confirm the role of CCK-AR in the regulation of body temperature, the values of T_c in the CCK-AR(–/–) mice were compared with those in CCK-B receptor (CCK-BR) (–/–), CCK-AR(–/–)BR(–/–), and wild-type mice. In the mice, the circadian rhythms of T_c were the same, regardless of the genotype. Mice without CCK-AR showed larger hysteresis than mice with CCK-AR. From these results, we conclude that the lack of CCK-AR causes homeostasis of T_c in rats and mice to deteriorate.

knockout mice

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