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Neurohypophyseal Hormones: From Genomics and Physiology to Disease

Inhibition of vasopressin secretion when dehydrated rats drink water

Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Submitted 20 May 2005 ; accepted in final form 20 July 2005

The present study determined whether vasopressin (VP) secretion is inhibited by an oropharyngeal signal associated with swallowing fluids when dehydrated rats drink water, as it is when dehydrated dogs are used as experimental subjects (Thrasher, TN, Keil LC, and Ramsay DJ. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 253: R509–R515, 1987). VP levels in systemic plasma (pVP) fell rapidly when rats drank water after overnight water deprivation. Systemic plasma Na⁺ concentration (pNa) also fell, but that change likely contributed little to the early inhibition of VP secretion. In contrast, consumption of water by dehydrated rats with an open gastric fistula had no effect on pVP, nor did consumption of isotonic saline by dehydrated rats; in neither case was pNa affected by fluid consumption. These findings provide no evidence that the act of drinking inhibits VP secretion in dehydrated rats. Thus some postgastric effect of the ingested water seems to be responsible for the inhibitory signal. These results are consistent with previous suggestions that an early inhibitory stimulus for VP secretion in rats is provided by postgastric visceral osmo- or Na⁺ receptors that sense the composition of the ingested fluid.

gastric emptying; gastric fistula; sodium ion receptors; osmoreceptors; water intake

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