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APPETITE, OBESITY, DIGESTION, AND METABOLISM

Glucagon-like peptide-2 acutely increases proximal small intestinal blood flow in TPN-fed neonatal piglets

¹Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Section, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, ²Children's Nutrition Research Center, and ³Surgery Section, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Texas

Submitted 11 August 2005 ; accepted in final form 12 September 2005

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a gut hormone that is secreted in response to enteral feeding and stimulates small intestinal mucosal growth. We have previously shown that GLP-2 infusion acutely increases portal venous blood flow in TPN-fed piglets. The aim of this study was to localize the vasoactive effect of GLP-2 within the gastrointestinal tissues and other visceral organs in TPN-fed piglets. Tissue blood flow rates were quantified using fluorescent microsphere deposition in anesthetized TPN-fed piglets given intravenous infusion of GLP-2 at either 500 pmol·kg^–1·h^–1 (low GLP-2, n = 7 pigs) or 2,000 pmol·kg^–1·h^–1 (high GLP-2, n = 8 pigs) for 2 h. Compared with baseline, the low and the high GLP-2 treatment significantly increased the blood flow rate in the duodenum (+77%) and jejunum (+40% and 80%), respectively, but blood flow to the distal small intestine and colon (–15%) was unchanged or slightly decreased. Baseline mucosal blood flow was five-fold higher than serosal blood flow; however, high GLP-2 treatment increased serosal (+140%) to a larger degree than mucosal blood flow (+73%). The high GLP-2 dose increased pancreatic flow (+34%) but decreased blood flow in the kidneys (–14%) and stomach (–12%), whereas the spleen and brain were unaffected. These findings suggest that the acute GLP-2-mediated stimulation of portal blood flow in TPN-fed piglets occurs principally via increased blood flow through the superior mesenteric artery to the proximal small intestine, a tissue region where the GLP-2R mRNA abundance and trophic GLP-2 effects are greatest.

glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor; mucosal growth; premature infants; enteral feeding; intestinal ischemia

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