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Physiology and Pharmacology of Temperature Regulation

Ionic channels and conductance-based models for hypothalamic neuronal thermosensitivity

¹School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; ²Department of Physiology and Cell Biology and ³Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

Submitted 16 January 2006 ; accepted in final form 10 March 2006

Thermoregulatory responses are partially controlled by the preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus (PO/AH), which contains a mixed population of temperature-sensitive and insensitive neurons. Immunohistochemical procedures identified the extent of various ionic channels in rat PO/AH neurons. These included pacemaker current channels [i.e., hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (HCN)], background potassium leak channels (TASK-1 and TRAAK), and transient receptor potential channel (TRP) TRPV4. PO/AH neurons showed dense TASK-1 and HCN-2 immunoreactivity and moderate TRAAK and HCN-4 immunoreactivity. In contrast, the neuronal cell bodies did not label for TRPV4, but instead, punctate labeling was observed in traversing axons or their terminal endings. On the basis of these results and previous electrophysiological studies, Hodgkin–Huxley-like models were constructed. These models suggest that most PO/AH neurons have the same types of ionic channels, but different levels of channel expression can explain the inherent properties of the various types of temperature-sensitive and insensitive neurons.

Hodgkin-Huxley formalism; cationic channels; potassium leak currents

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