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ENVIRONMENTAL, EXERCISE AND RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY

Selective loss of high-frequency oscillations in phrenic and hypoglossal activity in the decerebrate rat during gasping

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware

Submitted 28 March 2006 ; accepted in final form 27 June 2006

Respiratory motor outputs contain medium-(MFO) and high-frequency oscillations (HFO) that are much faster than the fundamental breathing rhythm. However, the associated changes in power spectral characteristics of the major respiratory outputs in unanesthetized animals during the transition from normal eupneic breathing to hypoxic gasping have not been well characterized. Experiments were performed on nine unanesthetized, chemo- and barodenervated, decerebrate adult rats, in which asphyxia elicited hyperpnea, followed by apnea and gasping. A gated fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis and a novel time-frequency representation (TFR) analysis were developed and applied to whole phrenic and to medial branch hypoglossal nerve recordings. Our results revealed one MFO and one HFO peak in the phrenic output during eupnea, where HFO was prominent in the first two-thirds of the burst and MFO was prominent in the latter two-thirds of the burst. The hypoglossal activity contained broadband power distribution with several distinct peaks. During gasping, two high-amplitude MFO peaks were present in phrenic activity, and this state was characterized by a conspicuous loss in HFO power. Hypoglossal activity showed a significant reduction in power and a shift in its distribution toward lower frequencies during gasping. TFR analysis of phrenic activity revealed the increasing importance of an initial low-frequency "start-up" burst that grew in relative intensity as hypoxic conditions persisted. Significant changes in MFO and HFO rhythm generation during the transition from eupnea to gasping presumably reflect a reconfiguration of the respiratory network and/or alterations in signal processing by the circuitry associated with the two motor pools.

respiratory patterns; zero-interval subtraction analysis; motor neuron synchrony; network plasticity

This article has been cited by other articles:

				V. Marchenko and R. F. Rogers GABAAergic and Glycinergic Inhibition in the Phrenic Nucleus Organizes and Couples Fast Oscillations in Motor Output J Neurophysiol, April 1, 2009; 101(4): 2134 - 2145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Marchenko and R. F. Rogers Temperature and state dependence of dynamic phrenic oscillations in the decerebrate juvenile rat Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 2007; 293(6): R2323 - R2335. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Marchenko and R. F. Rogers Time-frequency coherence analysis of phrenic and hypoglossal activity in the decerebrate rat during eupnea, hyperpnea, and gasping Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, November 1, 2006; 291(5): R1430 - R1442. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]