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WATER AND ELECTROLYTE HOMEOSTASIS

A novel method to determine lean body water using localized skin biopsies: correlation between lean skin water and lean body water in an overhydration model

¹Advanced Technology Development Group, Nellcor, Tyco Healthcare, Pleasanton, California; and ²Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas

Submitted 9 March 2006 ; accepted in final form 24 May 2006

To determine the relationship between total body water (TBW) fraction and local water content measured in the skin (SW) this study assessed eight anesthetized piglets in an overhydration model. TBW was assessed by deuterium oxide dilution and body mass measurements taken throughout the experiments, and by whole body carcass analysis at the end of each experiment. Additionally, extracellular water and plasma volume were assessed using bromide dilution and Evan's blue dilution, respectively. SW was assessed by tissue biopsies taken at 60-min intervals throughout the experiment. Lean body water (LBW) fraction and lean skin water (LSW) fraction were assessed by extracting the fat from the carcass and biopsy samples. A correlation does exist between TBW fraction and SW fraction with r² = 0.58 (P < 0.05); however, the strongest correlation occurred between the LBW fraction and LSW fraction with r² = 0.87 (P < 0.05) and an SE of prediction of 0.77%. These data demonstrate that LSW gives an accurate and precise estimate of LBW and could therefore be used to determine the hydration index in appropriate research settings.

fat-free percent water; hydration index; indicator dilution; skin biopsy