| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
APPETITE, OBESITY, DIGESTION, AND METABOLISM
Department of Biology and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
Submitted 17 March 2006 ; accepted in final form 17 July 2006
White adipocyte proliferation is a hallmark of obesity, but it largely remains a mechanistic mystery. We and others previously demonstrated that surgical denervation of white adipose tissue (WAT) triggers increases in fat cell number, but it is unknown whether this was due to preadipocyte proliferation or maturation of existing preadipocytes that allowed them to be counted. In addition, surgical denervation severs not only sympathetic but also sensory innervation of WAT. Therefore, we tested whether sympathetic WAT denervation triggers adipocyte proliferation using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) as a marker of proliferation and quantified BrdU-immunoreactive (ir) cells that were colabeled with AD-3-ir, an adipocyte-specific membrane protein marker. The unilateral denervation model was used for all experiments where Siberian hamster inguinal WAT (IWAT) was unilaterally denervated, the contralateral pad was sham denervated serving as a within-animal control, and then BrdU was injected systemically for 6 days. When IWAT was surgically denervated, severing both sympathetic and sensory nerves, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-ir, a sympathetic nerve marker, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-ir, a sensory nerve marker, were significantly decreased, and BrdU+AD-3-ir adipocytes were increased 
300%. When IWAT was selectively sensory denervated via local microinjections of capsaicin, a sensory nerve-specific toxin, CGRP-ir, but not TH-ir, was decreased, and BrdU+AD-3-ir adipocytes were unchanged. When IWAT was selectively sympathetically denervated via local microinjections of 6-hydroxy-dopamine, a catecholaminergic-specific toxin, TH-ir, but not CGRP-ir, was significantly decreased, and BrdU+AD-3-ir adipocytes were increased 400%. Collectively, these data provide the first direct evidence that sympathetic nerves inhibit white adipocyte proliferation in vivo.
adipose; obesity; capsaicin; 6-hydroxy-dopamine; 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine; innervation; Siberian hamster
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. Yang, H. Guan, E. Arany, D. J. Hill, and X. Cao Neuropeptide Y is produced in visceral adipose tissue and promotes proliferation of adipocyte precursor cells via the Y1 receptor FASEB J, July 1, 2008; 22(7): 2452 - 2464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. J. Oort, T. A. Knotts, M. Grino, N. Naour, J.-P. Bastard, K. Clement, N. Ninkina, V. L. Buchman, P. A. Permana, X. Luo, et al. {gamma}-Synuclein Is an Adipocyte-Neuron Gene Coordinately Expressed with Leptin and Increased in Human Obesity J. Nutr., May 1, 2008; 138(5): 841 - 848. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. P. Warne, M. T. Foster, H. F. Horneman, N. C. Pecoraro, A. B. Ginsberg, S. F. Akana, and M. F. Dallman Afferent signalling through the common hepatic branch of the vagus inhibits voluntary lard intake and modifies plasma metabolite levels in rats J. Physiol., September 1, 2007; 583(2): 455 - 467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. J. Bartness and C. K. Song Thematic review series: Adipocyte Biology. Sympathetic and sensory innervation of white adipose tissue J. Lipid Res., August 1, 2007; 48(8): 1655 - 1672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Giordano, C. Kay Song, R. R. Bowers, J. Christopher Ehlen, A. Frontini, S. Cinti, and T. J. Bartness Reply to Kreier and Buijs: no sympathy for the claim of parasympathetic innervation of white adipose tissue Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): R550 - R552. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
