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ENVIRONMENTAL, EXERCISE AND RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY

Possible inhibitory role of prolactin-releasing peptide for ACTH release associated with running stress

¹Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki; ²Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi; and ³Department of Biochemistry, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan

Submitted 24 May 2006 ; accepted in final form 7 August 2006

Exercise around the lactate threshold induces a stress response, defined as "running stress." We have previously demonstrated that running stress is associated with activation of certain regions of the brain, e.g., the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus, that are hypothesized to play an integral role in regulating stress-related responses, including ACTH release during running. Thus we investigated the role of prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), found in the ventrolateral medulla and the nucleus of the solitary tract, which is known to project to the PVN during running-induced ACTH release. Accumulation of c-Fos in PrRP neurons correlated with running speeds, reaching maximal levels under running stress. Intracerebroventricular injection of neutralizing anti-PrRP antibodies led to increased plasma ACTH level and blood lactate accumulation during running stress, but not during restraint stress. Exogenous intracerebroventricular administration of low doses of PrRP had the opposite effects. Therefore, our results suggest that, during running stress, PrRP-containing neurons are activated in an exercise intensity-dependent manner, and likewise the produced endogenous PrRP attenuates ACTH release and blood lactate accumulation during running stress. Here we provide a novel perspective on understanding of PrRP in the endocrine-metabolic response associated with running stress.

running; norepinephrine; hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus; lactate threshold; rat

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