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COMPARATIVE AND EVOLUTIONARY PHYSIOLOGY

Knockdown of V-ATPase subunit A (atp6v1a) impairs acid secretion and ion balance in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

¹Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei; ²Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei; ³Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei; ⁴Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; ⁵Department of Biology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada; and ⁶Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Submitted 17 August 2006 ; accepted in final form 23 January 2007

In the skin of zebrafish embryo, the vacuolar H⁺-ATPase (V-ATPase, H⁺ pump) distributed mainly in the apical membrane of H⁺-pump-rich cells, which pump internal acid out of the embryo and function similarly to acid-secreting intercalated cells in mammalian kidney. In addition to acid excretion, the electrogenic H⁺ efflux via the H⁺-ATPases in the gill apical membrane of freshwater fish was proposed to act as a driving force for Na⁺ entry through the apical Na⁺ channels. However, convincing molecular physiological evidence in vivo for this model is still lacking. In this study, we used morpholino-modified antisense oligonucleotides to knockdown the gene product of H⁺-ATPase subunit A (atp6v1a) and examined the phenotype of the mutants. The H⁺-ATPase knockdown embryos revealed several abnormalities, including suppression of acid-secretion from skin, growth retardation, trunk deformation, and loss of internal Ca²⁺ and Na⁺. This finding reveals the critical role of H⁺-ATPase in embryonic acid -secretion and ion balance, as well.

H⁺-ATPase; HR cell; morpholino-knockdown; Na⁺, Ca²⁺

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