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Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 295: R510-R515, 2008. First published June 4, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00139.2008
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INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGY

HEMODYNAMICS AND CARDIORENAL INTEGRATION

Sampling of cardiovascular data; how often and how much?

Sarah-Jane Guild,1 Carolyn J. Barrett,1 Fiona D. McBryde,1 Bruce N. Van Vliet,2 and Simon C. Malpas1,3

1Circulatory Control Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland; 2BioMedical Sciences Division, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada; and 3Telemetry Research Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand

Submitted 25 February 2008 ; accepted in final form 2 June 2008

Long-term measurement of cardiovascular variables by telemetry in laboratory animals has become indispensable in recent years. However, limited battery life and management of large volumes of recorded data are major drawbacks. These limitations can often be overcome by intermittent sampling of data. The question is, how much data does one need to collect to accurately reflect the underlying average value? To investigate this, 24-h continuous recordings of rabbit heart rate, arterial pressure, and integrated renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were resampled using a variety of protocols that differed with respect to the number of individual sampling periods used and the total amount of time that was sampled. The absolute percentage errors of estimates of the daily mean, standard deviation, and interquartile range were calculated for each sampling protocol. A similar analysis was repeated using arterial pressure data from rats. The results show that the number of sampling periods spread throughout the day had more effect than the total amount of data recorded. For example, just 2 h of total sampling time spread over 12 evenly spaced 10-min periods gave estimates of the daily mean of blood pressure and heart rate with < 1% error and RSNA with < 3% error. We show that accurate estimates of the daily mean of arterial pressure, heart rate, and RSNA can all be made using scheduled recording, and we recommend recording a minimum of 2 h/day spread over a number of periods throughout the day.

blood pressure; sympathetic nerve activity; telemetry


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: S.-J. Guild, Circulatory Control Laboratory, Dept. of Physiology, Univ. of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand (e-mail: s.guild{at}auckland.ac.nz)






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