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NEUROHUMORAL CONTROL OF CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION

Role of central nervous system aldosterone synthase and mineralocorticoid receptors in salt-induced hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive rats

¹Hypertension Unit, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and ²Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Submitted 6 November 2008 ; accepted in final form 26 December 2008

In Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rats, high salt intake increases cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Na⁺ concentration ([Na⁺]) and blood pressure (BP). Intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blocker prevents the hypertension. To assess the role of aldosterone locally produced in the brain, we evaluated the effects of chronic central blockade with the aldosterone synthase inhibitor FAD286 and the MR blocker spironolactone on changes in aldosterone and corticosterone content in the hypothalamus and the increase in CSF [Na⁺] and hypertension induced by high salt intake in Dahl S rats. After 4 wk of high salt intake, plasma aldosterone and corticosterone were not changed, but hypothalamic aldosterone increased by 35% and corticosterone tended to increase in Dahl S rats, whereas both steroids decreased by 65% in Dahl salt-resistant rats. In Dahl S rats fed the high-salt diet, ICV infusion of FAD286 or spironolactone did not affect the increase in CSF [Na⁺]. ICV infusion of FAD286 prevented the increase in hypothalamic aldosterone and 30 mmHg of the 50-mmHg BP increase induced by high salt intake. ICV infusion of spironolactone fully prevented the salt-induced hypertension. These results suggest that, in Dahl S rats, high salt intake increases aldosterone synthesis in the hypothalamus and aldosterone acts as the main MR agonist activating central pathways contributing to salt-induced hypertension.

brain; corticosterone; high-salt diet

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. W. Funder Trilostane, FAD286, and the role of aldosterone in the central regulation of blood pressure: focus on "Role of central nervous system aldosterone synthase and mineralocorticoid receptors in salt-induced hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive rats" Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, April 1, 2009; 296(4): R992 - R993. [Full Text] [PDF]