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Fig. 11. Fentanyl given intravenously abolishes inspiratory phase inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) and currents (IPSCs) and expiratory phase excitatory drive potentials and currents in Aug-E neurons of the rostral medulla. Records in A illustrate membrane potentials (MP) and phrenic nerve activity (PNA). In B, membrane currents (Im) measured at a holding potential (HP) of 70 mV and phrenic nerve activity are shown. In both panels, traces in black are control records and those in gray are recordings made several minutes after intravenous injection of fentanyl, 25 µg/kg.
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