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1 Marine Biology and Fisheries, RSMAS, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
2 Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
3 Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mgrosell{at}rsmas.miami.edu.
Abrupt transfer of rainbow trout from freshwater to 65% seawater (SW) caused transient disturbances in extracellular fluid ionic composition but homeostasis was reestablished 48 h post transfer. Intestinal fluid chemistry revealed early onset of drinking and slightly delayed intestinal water absorption that coincided with initiation of NaCl absorption and HCO3- secretion. Suggestive of involvement in osmoregulation, relative mRNA levels for vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), Na+/K+-ATPase , Na+/H+ exchanger NHE3, Na+/HCO3- co-transporter 1 and two carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms [a general cytosolic isoform (tCAc) and an extracellular isoform (tCAIV)], were increased transiently in the intestine following exposure to 65% SW. Both tCAc and tCAIV proteins were localized to apical regions of the intestinal epithelium and exhibited elevated enzymatic activity after acclimation to 65% SW. The V-ATPase was localized to both basolateral and apical regions and exhibited a 10-fold increase in enzymatic activity in fish acclimated to 65% SW, suggesting a role in marine osmoregulation. The intestinal epithelium of rainbow trout acclimated to 65% SW appears to be capable of both basolateral and apical H+ extrusion, likely depending on osmoregulatory status and intestinal fluid chemistry.
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