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1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
2 Department of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA; Department of Cancer Institute, Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bmfu{at}nscee.edu.
The amphibian skin has long been used as a model tissue for the study of ion transport and osmotic water movement across tight epithelia. To understand the mechanism of water uptake across amphibian skin, we model the skin as a well-stirred compartment bounded by an apical barrier and a tissue barrier. The compartment represents the lateral intercellular space between cells in the stratum granulosum. The apical barrier represents the stratum corneum, the principal/mitochondria-rich cells and the junctional area between cells. This barrier is hypothesized to have the ability to actively transport solutes through Na+-K+-ATPase. The actively transported solute flux is assumed to satisfy the Michaelis-Menten relationship. The tissue barrier represents a composite barrier comprising of the stratum spinosum, the stratum germinativum, the basal lamina and the dermis. Our model shows that: 1) the predicted rehydration rates from apical bathing solutions are in good agreement with the experiment results in Hillyard and Larsen [J. Comp. Physiol. 171: 283-292, 2001]; 2) under their experimental conditions, there is a substantial volume flux coupled to the active solute flux and this coupled volume flux is nearly constant when the osmolality of the apical bathing solution is greater than 100 mOsm; 3) the molar ratio of the actively transported solute flux to the coupled water flux is about 1:160, which is the same as that reported in Nielsen [J. Membrane Biol., 159: 61-69, 1997].
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